侨批: 见证侨胞家国情怀 体现文明互学互鉴
侨批: 见证侨胞家国情怀 体现文明互学互鉴
bg大游娱乐 zuozhe: zhangguoxiong liujin
bg大游娱乐 jinri,xijinpingzongshujicanguanguangdongshengshantoushiqiaopiwenwuguanhouqiangdiao: “‘qiaopi’jizailelaoyibeihaiwaiqiaobaojiannandechuangyeshihenonghoudejiaguoqinghuai,yeshizhonghuaminzujiangxinyu、shouchengnuodezhongyaotixian。yaobaohuhaozheixie‘qiaopi’wenwu,jiaqiangyanjiu,jiaoyuyindaorenmenbuwangjindaibgdayouyuleguojinglidequrushihelaoyibeiqiaobaojiannandechuangyeshi,bingtuidongquanshehuijiaqiangchengxinbgdayouyule。”xijinpingzongshujidezhongyaojianghuaweibgdayouyulezuohaoqiaopibaohuyanjiuyujiazhituiguanggongzuozhiminglefangxiang、zhuruleqiangdadongli。
侨批是近代中国国际移民文献
“qiaopi”yicheng“yinxin”,shizhijindaiyilaihaiwaihuaqiaohuarenzhuyaotongguominjianqudaojijiguoneijuanshudejiashu(xin)hehuikuan(yin)pingzhengdetongcheng,qijibentezhengshiyin、xinheti。
qiaopishizhongguojindaiguojiyimin(jihuaqiaohuaren)wenxianyichan。yapianzhanzhenghou,daliangwuyiweishengdehuananyanhaiminzhongyuanfuwaiyangmousheng,tamenjiangdaliangdeqiaohuihejiaxinyuanyuanbuduandishuruzuguo,yongyishanyangjiajuan、weixiganqing、goutongxinxi,yinerzaiminjianchanshengzheiyangyizhongzhongguoguojiyimindewenxianyicun。20shiji70niandaihouqiqiaopiyewuguikouzhongguoyinxingguanli,lishibaiyuniandeqiaopicaizhongchenglishi。
qiaopilaiyuanyudongnanya、meizhouhedayangzhoudengshushigeguojiahediqu,xianjinzhuyaobaocunzaiguangdong、fujianlianggehuaqiaodasheng,tebieshiliangshengdesigezhumingqiaoxiang,jichaoshan、meizhou、jiangmenwuyiheminnanqiaoxiangdewenbojigouzhong。2013nian,guangdonghefujianliangshengzhengheqiaopiziyuan,jingguoqiangjiu、wajue、zhengliheyanjiu,chenggongjiangshouzangde16wanjianqiaopidanganlieru《shijiejiyiyichanminglu》。
蕴藏浓厚的家国情怀
bg大游娱乐 haiwaimoushengdeqiaobaojianfuzhegaishanjiarenshenghuozhuangkuangdezhongren,qiaohuishijingjixuemai,jiarendeyiweichishengji,gaishanshenghuo;shuxinshiweixihaineiwaijiarenqinggandeniudai,meifengqiaopidoutixianleqiaobaodejiatingzerengan,chongmanqiaobaoduijiarendesinianheguanaizhiqing。
bg大游娱乐 jindaiqiaobaozhuyaoshixijiaoshangtiandenongmin,tamenzaihaiwaizhangqideshengcunzhong,zhujianxingchengtuantiyishi、minzuyishi,kaishiguanzhujiaxiangdefazhan,jijicanyujiaxiangbgdayouyule。20shiji30niandai,shehuixuejiachendazaiqi《nanyanghuaqiaoyuminyueshehui》yishuzhongzhichu,minyuehuaqiao“zainanyangsuohuodedeshenkeeryoujiudejingyan,shitamendesixianghexingwei,zhujiangudaoshehuideliyi;shitamenyouziziweilidesiziguannian,zhuanbiandaoweidazhongmouxingfudeshehuiguannian;shitamendemuguangfangdeyuanda,leyujingyinghuobgdayouyulezuguodexiangcunyushizhen”。jindaiyilai,huananqiaoxiangdezhuzhongbgdayouyule,jufanxiuzhutielugonglu、jubanxuexiaoyiyuan、touzigongshang、xingjianweizhen,doulibukaiqiaobaodegongxian。
近代的侨胞因国家内忧外患、生计困苦而背井离乡、出洋谋生。他们远离祖国,更加体会到祖国积贫积弱是他们饱受歧视和排斥的根源,因此渴盼民族复兴、国家富强。从辛亥革命、抗日战争、新中国bg大游娱乐到改革开放,海外侨胞居功至伟。侨批以私文书的形式真实记载了千百万侨胞关心国家民族命运、积极参与民族复兴伟业的心路历程。以抗日战争为例,这一时期的侨批记录了海外侨胞浓浓的家国情怀。1931年11月,一位名为关崇初的美国华侨给弟弟写信说,要送孩子阿炯到美国政府主办单位:bg大游娱乐_bg大游网址-官网APP下载
吸收中外优秀文化
youxuezhezhichu,yiminwangwangshineixiejuyouchuangyecaineng、youhuolideshehuichengyuan。jindaiyongganmaichuguomendeqiaobao,shenshangtixianzhe“qiongzesibian”“ziqiangbuxi”dejingshen,bingjiangzheiyizhonghuayouxiuwenhuachuanbodaowuhusihai。qiaobaojuyouqiangliedejiatingguannian,shengchijianyong,zunlaoaiyou,meifengzhongqiu、chunjiehezhangbeishengri,yongdahongxinjianxiexinbingjiqianhuijia;bingchiheweiguilinian,dingzhujiarenyaomujiayoulin;gaosujiarenyaoyiqinjian、qinlaozuoweilishenzhiben;dingzhujiarenyaojiangchengxin,qiaopicongqiaojuguodisongdaoqiaojuanshouzhong,zhanzhuanwanli,kaodejiushidisongzhedechengxinjingying;zhunzhunjiaodaozidilizhixiangxue,zengzhangcaigan,tishengzibgdayouyule,baoxiaoguojia,“tianxiaxingwang,pifuyouze”zheiyangdehuayubushichuxianzaitamendeshuxinzhong。
qiaopiyezhangxianchuqiaobaoyikaifang、baorongdexionghuaixinayuwaiwenming。qiaobaoshijindaijiaozaoshidiguanchaxifangfadaguojiazhenshizhuangkuangdezuidazhongguorenqunti,yeshijiaozaozijuedijiangqiaojuguoxianjindeqiwu、zhidu、sixiangwenhuayinjinjiaxiangdezhongguorenqunti。qiaopijizailebushaoxinsixiang、xinfaming、xinfaxian,tuidonglexianjinshiwuhesixiangwenhuazaijiaxianghezuguodeshijianhechuanbo,ruqingmoqiaobaozaiguangdongxiuzhuxinningtielu、chaoshantielu。1930nian,yiweifeilvbinhuaqiaozaijiaxinzhongshuo,guangdongtaishanjiaxianghuaqiaoxincunruobgdayouyulechenggong,ze“diandeng、zilaishuikeyiyiqibingju,ruqixiangruxianjing”。
强化保护、深化研究、弘扬价值
muqian,guojiashekejijinyizizhuduoxiangqiaopizhengliyuyanjiuxiangmu,qiaopidewajueyanjiuyiyoulianghaojichu,gefangmianyaojixujianchiduiqiaopijinxingqiangjiu、baohu、zhengli、yanjiu、zhuanhua,buduanfazhanhongyangqiaopijiazhi。
duiqiaopijinxingzhengtixingbaohu、qiangjiuxingzhengji。qiaopideshuxingbujinyikaohuaqiaoshuxinheqiaohuipingjulaichengzai,yuzhixiangguanliandehaiyouzhangben、huodan、huzhao、kougongzhi、riji、gupiao、zupu、qiyue、zhengfuwendangdeng,yijiqiaopijuyinjian、biane、xunchengma(shuike)yunsongqiaopidegongju、shenghuoyongjuyijiqiaopiju、jinzhuangyinhaoyizhideng,duibgdayouyulerenshiqiaopiheshuliqiaopilishijuyouzhongyaojiazhi,junyingnaruqiangjiubaohudefanwei。muqian,shangyoudaliangqiaopiliuzhuanyuminjian。jutongji,20shiji50niandaijinguangdongshengmeiyuedeqiaopishuliangjiuda30yuwanfeng,xiancunyuwenbojigouzhongdeqiaopishuliangjinweishijicunshishuliangdejixiaoyibufen,bixujixushishiqiangjiuxingzhengji。
shenhuaqiaopixueshuyanjiu,kaizhanguojixueshubgdayouyule。qiaopiwenshushouzangzaizhongguo,weizhongguoxuezhekaizhanguojixueshuyanjiutigongleziliao、huatidengfangmiandeyoushitiaojian,shixueshujienandedeshangweichongfenwajueyuliyongdeyuanshiwenxianziliao。yaotuidongqiaopideduoxueke、kuaxuekeyanjiu。qiaopisuishijindaiputongqiaobaorichangshenghuodejizaiyujianzheng,dantayuguojiyimin、jinrongshangyehesuochudeshidai、diyujinmixiangguan,shejilishi、zhengzhi、falv、jingji、yichanbaohudengduoxuekedeyanjiulingyu,weijiaochaxuekeyanjiu、xinxingxuekefazhantigongleguangkuodexueshukongjian。guoxuedashiraozongyirenwei,qiaopijiazhi“yuhuizhouwenshuxiangdeng”,shiqiaoxiangde“dunhuangwenshu”。zhiyouduoxueke、kuaxuekeyanjiu,cainengyikuiqidiyun。tongshi,yaojiaqiangguojibijiaoyuxueshuduihua。qiaopidebenzhishuxingshiguojiyiminshuxin,xiangjiaoyuguowaixuezheqingxiangyanjiuguojiyiminshuxinzhongdeqingganbgdayouyule,zhongguoxuezhegengduodiguanzhuhaiwaihuaqiaoduijiating、jiazu、jiaxiang、zuguodeguanxi,biaoxianchudongxifangwenhuadechayi。zhiyoujiangqiaopizhiyutongyishidaiguojiyimindashiyexiakaizhanguojibijiaoyanjiu,cainenggenghaodirenshizhongguoguojiyimindegongxingyugexing,genghaodiwajueqiaopiwenshudejiazhi。
bg大游娱乐 jiaqiangfalvbaohu,chuanchenghongyangqiaopijiazhi。qiaopidanganyishishijiejiyiyichan,danqiaopichanquanheshouzangzhutiduoyuan,jixuwanshanfalvbaohujizhi。2018nian,guangdongshengtongguo《guangdongshengqiaopibaohuguanlibanfa》,qiaopibaohuchubuyoufakeyi,danruhezuodaoyoufabiyi,shangxujiankutansuo。qiaopidelinghunzaiyuqijiaguoqinghuai、wenminghuxuehujiandexianxingshijian。jinxienianlai,tongguobgdayouyuleqiaopi(yinxin)bowuguan,duofangmiantuiguangxuanchuan,zaihongyangqiaopilishiwenhuajiazhishangjinxingleyouyitansuo。jinhouyingjinyibuwajueqiaopiderenwenjingshen,xianggongzhongtebieshiqingshaonianjianghaojiankuchuangye、aijiaaiguodeshengdonggushi,xiangshijiejianghaoqiaobaowenminghuxuehujian、goujianrenleimingyungongtongtidexianhuoshili。
(作者: 张国雄、刘进,分别系中国华侨历史学会副会长、国家社科基金特别委托项目“侨批文书整理与研究”首席专家、五邑大学教授,国家社科基金特别委托项目“侨批文书整理与研究”子课题负责人、五邑大学教授)